Police officer escorts a group of migrants who illegally crossed the border from Poland into Germany, southeast of Berlin, Germany, on Oct. 11, 2023 Markus Schreiber/Copyright 2023 The AP. All rights reserved
Two years after being adopted by the European Parliament and the Council of the EU, the Pact on Migration and Asylum will come into force today. The Pact is presented as a major reform of how European Union member states manage migration, borders and asylum claims, but some critics claim it will lead to further division among member states and hasten the break up of the European Union..
The Pact, which made nationalists furious when announced, is made up of a package of 10 laws and reforms that together create a more unified migration system. In 2024, Belgium voted in favour of all 10 laws in the Pact, together with most member states. Only Hungary and Poland voted against all 10 laws.
The
Pact will impose the same procedure for handling applications for asylum in every country, a fairer
distribution of reception and responsibility and faster procedures to
process asylum claims. “In practice, this means working faster for us –
and more work,” says Paulien Blondeel, spokesperson from the Immigration
Office, with a laugh. “I can’t deny it’s quite an undertaking. But if
every country participates, then after that difficult start-up phase we
will end up with an efficiently functioning European system.”
One has to wonder if Blondeen has ever considered a career in comedy.
Even having been given two years for preparation, Belgium is still not ready to implement all 10 legislative acts, nor are any other EU countries. According to analysts, the stress test is whether in the coming weeks and months there will be trust among the member states that each is contributing to building the renewed system.
The Pact includes an agreed-upon list of countries that are considered safe to transfer migrants to and relies on the European Union Agency for Asylum, which collects information about the situation in migrants’ countries of origin. Eurodac, meanwhile, is the EU’s migration and database, which will be an instrumental agency in helping to determine the basis for granting or refusing protection to an asylum seeker.
A big issue in the EU’s immigration system for some member states has been a lack of autonomy in decision-making capacity for the processing of migrants and how long these processes can take.
The new system is intended to speed up processes, especially in cases of rejection. However, as the reaction to Spain's recent granting of residency to 500,000 illegal immigrants showed, the public are not interested in the process, they want the flow of arrivals stopped.
Asylum-seekers considered a security risk or with lower chances of receiving refugee status - those coming from countries such as Sudan, Somalia, Algeria and Pakistan whose nationals are declined protection in at least 80% of cases - will be processed faster.
There is “growing recognition” that, to curtail “the rise of hard-right parties”such as Germany's AfD, across the continent, “centrists must be able to show that they are responding to their citizens’ concerns about increasingly uncontrolled immigration”, said The Times’ in an editorial.
The ambition of the EU pact “is already running into reality”, said EuroNews. Member states are not signing up to anything like their share of asylum-seeker relocations, “with Hungary and Slovakia committing to none.”
Elsewhere Germany's Chancellor Merz celebrated the new rules, probably because it will relieve him of responsibility for managing German immigration policy, French opposition leader Marine Le Pen called for a referendum on immigration, and the EU's migration commissioner threatened countries that have refused to support the pact like Hungary and Slovakia with a "stick" if they do not comply.
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