The secret of freedom lies in educating people, whereas the secret of tyranny is in keeping them ignorant. - Maximilien Robespierre.

Showing posts with label credit suisse. Show all posts
Showing posts with label credit suisse. Show all posts

Tuesday, March 21, 2023

In Spite Of Government Bail out And Takeover by UBS, Swiss bank giant Credit Suisse loses more than 60 percent of its value

 

As we reported on Monday, the collapse of Swiss banking giant Credit Suisse sent shock waves through global stock markets that are still reverbrating. Banking and finance corportions experienced a sharp drop in value following the announcement by Swiss authorities that troubled Credit Suisse would be taken over by UBS Group. In an effort to prevent an international banking crisis, central banks took action to alleviate concerns, the UK’s Daily Mail reported.

In premarket trading today, Credit Suisse shares continued to fall, now having dropped 60.5% since news of the bank's financial troubles broke at weekend. When markets opened this morning they hit a new low while UBS itself experienced an 8% loss. These movements came after a frenetic dumping of European banking shares on Asian markets, where what little investor confidence there had been in official measures to contain a banking crisis evaporated quickly, the report continued.

On Sunday, after a cash injection of €54billion by Switzerlands Central Bank had failed to save the retail banker, the most notable intervention since the global financial crisis of 2008 occurred, with UBS acquiring Credit Suisse for 3 billion francs ($3.2 billion) in a sudden merger, and the world’s leading central banks committing to daily dollar funding offerings. In a deal orchestrated by Swiss regulators, UBS Group AG agreed to take over the 167-year-old Credit Suisse Group AG and absorb potential losses of up to $5.4 billion, said the outlet.

The central banks of the world announced coordinated actions to stabilize banks. They also provided access to a loan facility that allows banks to borrow dollars from the United States if needed, which was a common practice during 2008’s crisis. However with the status of the US$ as global reserve currency no longer assured, a repeat of that policy may not guarantee the same result.

The UBS acquisition has caused investors to focus on the huge financial loss that Credit Suisse bondholders will suffer. This has increased anxiety about key risks such as contagion and the fragility of U.S. regional banking systems, said the report. There is also a continuing concern about the financial health on mant banks in the European Union.

Key player in the deal to save Credit Suisse were the central bank of Switzerland, the Swiss National Bank. That’s the very same central bank that had quietly bailed out UBS, the new owner of Credit Suisse, during the financial crisis of 2008 with the assistance of similar dollar swap lines from the Federal Reserve (the “Fed”) – the central bank of the U.S.

In 2011, following an audit of its activities by the Government Accountability Office into its activities the Federal Reserve “In October 2008 the Federal Reserve Board allowed the Swiss National Bank to use dollars under its swap line agreement to provide special assistance to UBS, a large Swiss banking organization. Specifically, on October 16, 2008, the Swiss National Bank announced that it would use dollars obtained through its swap line with FRBNY [the Federal Reserve Bank of New York] to help fund an SPV [Special Purpose Vehicle] it would create to purchase up to $60 billion of illiquid assets from UBS. According to FRBNY data, from December 11, 2008, through June 2009, Swiss National Bank drew dollar amounts generally not exceeding about $13 billion to help fund this SPV that served a function similar to that of the Maiden Lane SPVs. Federal Reserve Board staff acknowledged that this was an atypical use of swap line dollars as the swap line agreements were initially designed to help foreign central banks provide dollar loans broadly to institutions facing dollar funding strains.”

Little wonder then that the takeover of Credit Suisse by UBS has failed to restore confidence and in fact seems to have increased investors nervousness about what may be about to happen in global finance.

As markets opened today, European bank shares plunged by more than 5 percent. Credit Suisse’s shares plunged over 63 percent while those of acquirer UBS fell nearly 13 percent. The wider European STOXX 600 dropped 1.6 percent before making a modest recovery.

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Sunday, March 19, 2023

UBS To Buy Credit Suisse With Guarantees From Swiss Government (but its not a bail out OK?)

After two days of playing table tennis with clients' savings and investments held by failed bank Credit Suisse, the price for acquisition by UBS (formerly Union Bank of Switzerland,) has been agreed at  CHF 3BN (US$3.25 billion), or 0.76 per share, meaning shareholders of Credit Suisse will receive 1 share in UBS for 22.48 shares in Credit Suisse. As part of the deal, the Swiss National Bank is offering a 100 billion-franc liquidity assistance to UBS while the government is granting a 9 billion-franc guarantee for likely losses on dodgy assets that are part of the deal. In effect this is a taxpayer-funded bailout (but don't call it that.)

Most significantly, however, the bank's entire AT1 tranche - some CHF16BN of Additioanal Tier 1 (AT1) bonds, a $275BN market - will be bailed in and written down to zero, to wit: "FINMA has determined that Credit Suisse’s Additional Tier 1 Capital (deriving from the issuance of Tier 1 Capital Notes) in the aggregate nominal amount of approximately CHF 16 billion will be written off to zero."

This wipe out bail-in will be the biggest loss yet for Europe’s $275 billion AT1 market, far eclipsing the approximately €1.35 billion loss suffered by junior bondholders of Spanish lender Banco Popular SA back in 2017, when it was absorbed by Banco Santander SA to avoid a collapse.

AT1 bonds were introduced in Europe in the wake of the 2014 global financial crisis to serve as a backstop when banks start to fail. They are designed to shift losses to bondholders or be converted into equity if a bank’s capital ratios fall below a viable level, effectively padding its balance sheet and allowing it to stay in business.

The bonds were by Friday already trading at levels usually reserved for companies about to go bust. A slice of the bank’s $1.65 billion note, issued less than a year ago, changed hands at about 35 cents on the dollar, according to trade reporting system Trace.

And while it may be counterintuitive, according to the Swiss bail-in regime, AT1 debt is above equity in the loss absorption waterfall.

All this is very vague and technical but what it means is that while the takeover is agreed in principle, the  deal may yet fall apart is, as banking industry insiders have warned, more nasties emerge as UBS auditors scrutinise the accounts of Credit Suisse. Once a paragon of banking integrity, Credit Suisse has been known to be in trouble for over a decade and has only stayed afloat this long due to certain creative accounting practices of dubious legality disguising the black holes in its balance sheet.

What is truly frightening is that many more banks are rumoured to be in similar or even worse trouble due to reckless lending during the years of insanely low interest rates.

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